Conciliation-Gifting-Disagreeing-Punishment
பஞ்சதந்திரம் pañca-tantiram , n. pañcan +. The Tamil version of Pañca-tantra consisting of five books, viz., mittira-pētam, cukirl- lāpam, canti-vikkirakam, artta-nācam, acampirēṭciya-kārittuvam; மித்திரபேதம், சுகிர்ல்லாபம், சந்திவிக்கிரகம், அர்த்தநாசம், அசம்பிரேட்சியகாரித்து வம் என ஐம்பகுதியுடையதாய்த் தமிழில் மொழிபெயர்க் கப்பட்ட நூல்.
1. மித்திரபேதம் = mittira-pētam = Sowing discord among friends.
2. சுகிர்ல்லாபம் = cukir-l-lāpam = the acquisition of friends.
3. சந்திவிக்கிரகம் canti-vikkirakam = Associating with a foe with a view to ruin him.
4. அர்த்தநாசம் artta-nācam = Loss of wealth.
5. அசம்பிரேட்சியகாரித்துவம் a-campirēṭciya-kārittuvam , n. a-sam-prēkṣya-kāri-tva. Action without forethought.
Inspiration: N.Natchiyappan
1.
A fox found a dead elephant on the forest floor and neared it to eat
its flesh. A lion came to the site and asked the fox in a threatening
tone which it was.
2.
The fox: "O my King! I am watching the elephant you killed."
3.
The fox was controlled and spoke in a conciliatory tone. Because of
the fox's moderate attitude, the lion felt compassionate and said, "Hey
fox! I did not kill this elephant. So you can have it." Immediately the
lion left the premises.
4.
Soon after the lion left, a tiger appeared on the scene. It asked the
fox, "Who are you? What are you doing?" The tiger's tone was strident,
demanding, and authoritarian.
5.
The fox: "Uncle Tiger! A lion killed this elephant and told me to keep
a watch for a tiger and inform it hiding in a bush nearby. I asked why.
Previously, the lion killed an elephant and went for a bath. In the
meantime, a tiger ate part of it and contaminated the carcass with its
saliva. Therefore, the lion wanted to punish the tiger. "
6.
As the fox was narrating the story, the tiger ran away, fearing the
lion.
7.
The fox used the natural enmity between the lion and the tiger,
changed the tiger's mind, and sent it away in fear. A monkey showed up.
8.
The fox: "Come, my friend! A huge elephant is dead. I was wondering
and expecting someone to come and eat the elephant. You can tear open
and eat as much as you can." The monkey tore sin off the elephant with
its sharp nails. As soon as the shredding of the skin was over, the fox
raised a loud alarm, "Ayyo, there comes a lion." Afraid of the lion, the
sound of the word lion made it run away.
9.
The fox: 'Appada! I was thinking about how to rip open the skin. I
acted as if I am offering a gift to the monkey, which ripped open the
skin. I am ready to eat it now.' As the fox was about to eat, another
fox showed up.
10.
It jumped on the new fox, fought fiercely, and drove it away. After
punishing it and forcing the fox away, the first fox ate the meat for a
long time and pacified its hunger.
11.
Sāmam, Bētham, Dhānam, and Dhandam are the four ways the intelligent
satisfy their desires.